听见你的声音Beijing's first cross-provincial subway line begins trial run_我的网站
A | (ECNS) -- Beijing Subway Line 22, the capital's first urban rail route linking neighboring Hebei Province, began empty load trial operations Tuesday, according to the Beijing Major Projects Construction Headquarters Office and BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Company Limited. Stretching about 79.1 kilometers with a speed up to 160 km/h on elevated sections and 120 km/h underground, Subway Line 22 runs from Hongmiao in Chaoyang district to Pinggu New Town, with 20 stations in total, including 15 in Beijing and five in Hebei. Once operational, travel from Yanjiao Town in Hebei to Beijing's Sub-Center Station will take just nine minutes, while journeys to Hongmiao Station in the capital's central business district will be about 28 minutes. Officials described Line 22 as a "major transport artery" for regional integration. The route will connect with multiple existing lines, including transfers at Hongmiao to Line 14, Guanzhuang to Line 1, Beiguan to Line 6, and Beijing Sub-Center Station to Line 6 and the Beijing-Tangshan intercity railway. The line is expected to be ready for opening by year's end. (By Gong Weiwei)  While China has a long history of making tinned bronze and tinware, there has long been a lack of reliable historical records or physical evidence to prove early local production of tinned iron artifacts. The newly discovered armor plates can fill this gap, demonstrating that, by no later than the Wu period, local craftspeople in Zhejiang Province had mastered the art of tin-plating iron surfaces. This reflects the region's advanced metallurgical skills at that time, Ge Shuaikun, a researcher at the Shaoxing Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, told the Global Times on Tuesday. Over the last three years, archaeologists working at the Jizhong ruins site have excavated hundreds of tinned iron armor plates from ancient wells and ash pits. A preliminary investigation confirmed that the surfaces of these plates contain high levels of tin. Subsequent laboratory analyses were conducted in collaboration with the Shaoxing's institute and the Institute for Cultural Heritage and History of Science & Technology at the University of Science and Technology Beijing with methods such as Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Micro-CT to deeply examine the samples' materials, structures, and technological traces.  Research shows that the craftspeople immersed iron armor plates in molten tin, thus ensuring complete coverage of the surface with a continuous tinned layer. This coating isolated the iron from exposure to air and moisture, dramatically boosting corrosion resistance. Many of the excavated tinned armor pieces still show a clear, bright silver-white finish. One major reason for tin-plating the armor was to prevent rust. At the same time, the silvery white shine of tinned iron offered a more striking, beautiful appearance, standing out from the typical dark iron armor of the era. This visual distinction may have marked these pieces as a higher-grade military asset, according to an article from the University of Science and Technology Beijing's official website. The article said that in earlier eras, from the pre-Qin to Han dynasties, tin was widely used as a surface coating on bronzeware and ceramics. Researchers believe the tin-plating of iron armor discovered at the Jizhong ruins site during the Wu period of Three Kingdoms built upon this local tin-coating tradition, representing an adaptation of those techniques across different materials. The process likely benefited from technological exchange among various specialized workshops at the site, including those making bronze castings, iron weapons, and other metallurgical products. 。 Current article:http://xcg88w.shangfochengcongshuaizhuang.buzz/news/20260826_206.html Published on:05:00:58 |
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